Adaptation Strategies by Muslim Convert: A Study on “Saudara Kita” in Sarawak Malaysia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v5i2.2480

Keywords:

Saudara Kita, Sarawak, Mualaf

Abstract

The “Saudara Kita” is a term for the non-Malay Islamic community comprising various races and ethnicities in Sarawak, Malaysia. This term helps to identify the convert groups in Sarawak. This study was conducted to explore adaptation strategies used by Muslim converts in Sarawak. This qualitative research involved five participants who have converted to Islam for more than 5 years and reside in Sarawak. The data collection method used semi-structured interviews and data analyzed used thematic analysis. The research findings indicate five main themes arose for the adaptation strategies among Muslim converts, which are (1) exploring inner and outer challenges, (2) challenge adaptation strategies, (3) adaptation needs, (4) support system, and (5) exploring the role of counselors. The increase in the number of Islam converts in Sarawak each year requires exploration of challenge adaptions to plan developmental da’wah programs for Muslim converts, to enhance their Islamic faith. The objective of this program is to build a solid identity for Muslim converts so that they will be consistent in practicing the Islamic way of life. Governments in the Sarawak region can make programs in order to improve the knowledge, skills, and adaptation of converts in Sarawak. So that converts can have support from the government to carry out activities and worship in accordance with Islamic life.

References

Abd Majid, M., Shaharuddin, S. A., Usman, A. H., & Sungit, F. (2016). The conversion of Muallaf to Islam in Selangor: Study on behavior and encouragement. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3 S1), 19-19. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3s1p19

Abd Rahman, N. N. H., Muhamat, R., Yahya, S. A., & Hassan, M. S. (2016). Transformasi hubungan kekeluargaan saudara kita dari sudut emosi selepas memeluk Islam di Johor. Jurnal ILMI, 1(1). Google Scholar

Abdelaal, N. M., & Md Rashid, S. (2015). Semantic loss in the Holy Qur’an translation with special reference to Surah Al-W a qiAAa (Chapter of The Event Inevitable). SAGE Open, 5(4), 2158244015605880. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244015605

Adenan, F., Rani, M. A. M., Arif, M. I. A. M., Bahari, A., & Rani, S. A. M. (2020). Analisis Modul Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (P&P) Kelas Pengajian Mualaf di Pusat Perlindungan Baitus Salam Selangor. Jurnal Kesidang, 5(1), 19-30. Google Scholar

Ahmed, S., & Amer, M. M. (2013). Counseling Muslims: Handbook of mental health issues and interventions. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203893814

Abdulllah, N. A. M. I. T., & Sham, F. M. (2009). Keperluan Memahami Psikologi Saudara Muslim. Jurnal Hadhari. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Google Scholar

Al-Mubarakfuri, S. (2020). Sirah nabawiyah. Gema Insani. Google Scholar

Ali, Q. A., & Abdullah, M. Y. M. (2020). Tahap Penyesuaian Diri Masyarakat Mualaf di Sarawak. Jurnal Pengajian Islam, 13(2), 163-177. http://jpi.kuis.edu.my/index.php/jpi/article/view/53

Amiranadira, N. (2018). Strategy of Khithabah in Dealing with Converts to Islam in Sarawak Malaysia. Ilmu Dakwah: Academic Journal for Homiletic Studies, 12(2), 318-336. https://doi.org/10.15575/idajhs.v12i2.7470

Atkinson, D. R., Morten, G., & Sue, D. W. (1979). Counseling American minorities: A cross-cultural perspective. Brown & Benchmark Madison, WI, USA. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Derald-Sue/publication/245808811

Awang, A., Ismail, C. Z., & Mahmud, W. (2017). Isu-isu pemakanan halal: Kajian kes dalam hubungan komuniti saudara baru dan bukan Muslim di negeri Terengganu. AL-ABQARI: Journal of Islamic Social Sciences and Humanities. https://oarep.usim.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/5280

Baharudin, N. I., & Said, N. L. M. (2017). Masalah dan Kaedah Penyelesaian Pewarisan Harta Pusaka Mualaf di Malaysia. Islamiyyat: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 39(1). https://doi.org/11926/1/21595-67920-1-PB

Bakar, M. A., Ahmad, S., Salleh, A. D., Ismail, C. Z., & Ismail, S. (2020). The Involvement of Non-Muslim in Waqf Activities: A Case Study in Sarawak. Jakarta.

Bakar, S. A. A., & Ismail, S. Z. (2018). Pengurusan mualaf di Malaysia: Kerjasama dinamik antara agensi kerajaan dan bukan kerajaan. Jurnal Usuluddin, 46(2), 97-122. https://doi.org/10.22452/usuluddin.vol46no2.4

Borneo, U. (2017). Tiada Had Tempoh Status Mualaf Bagi 'Saudara Kita' di Sarawak. Retrieved March 26 from www.utusanborneo.com.my

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Bulliet, R. W. (2013). Conversion to Islam in the medieval period. In Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period. Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674732810

Chevannes, M. (2002). Issues in educating health professionals to meet the diverse needs of patients and other service users from ethnic minority groups. Journal of advanced nursing, 39(3), 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02276.x

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2002). Research methods in education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203224342

Connelly, L. M., & Peltzer, J. N. (2016). Underdeveloped themes in qualitative research: Relationship with interviews and analysis. Clinical nurse specialist, 30(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1097/NUR.0000000000000173

Cross, J. E. (2001). Private property rights versus scenic views: A battle over place attachments. 12th Headwaters Conference, Western State College, USA.

Cross, J. F., Cross, J., & Daly, J. (1971). Sex, race, age, and beauty as factors in recognition of faces. Perception & psychophysics, 10(6), 393-396. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210319

Cross, S. E. (1995). Self-construals, coping, and stress in cross-cultural adaptation. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 26(6), 673-697. https://doi.org/10.1177/002202219502600

Efendi, Z. (2021). Religious Plurality in Dayak Bidayuh Lara Society (Portrait of Inter-Religious Harmony in Kendaie Lundu Village, Sarawak). Dialog, 44(1), 75-88. https://doi.org/10.47655/dialog.v44i1.428

Guleng, M. P., Muhamat, R., & Mohamad, A. D. (2014). Penyesuaian Diri MUallaf Terhadap Masyarakat Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Institut Dakwah Islamiah Perkim (IDIP). Al-Hikmah, 6(1), 78-93. Google Scholar

Hambali, H. (2020). Pemberlakuan Sertifikasi Halal Secara Wajib Terhadap Produk Asing Menurut Persetujuan Tentang Hambatan Teknis dalam Perdagangan (Technical Barrier To Trade Agreement). Nurani Hukum, 2(2), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.51825/nhk.v2i2.8840

Hamjah, S. H. (2010). Bimbingan spiritual menurut al-Ghazali dan hubungannya dengan keberkesanan kaunseling: Satu kajian di Pusat Kaunseling Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Sembilan (PK MAINS). Islamiyyat, 32, 41. Google Scholar

Harun, N. F., & Ab Rahman, A. (2021). Zakah Distribution for The Purpose of Capital Assistance at Zakah Institutions in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(1), 298-306. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i1.630

Haryati, A. (2018). Personal integrity of islamic counselor on professional ethics commitment. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 1(1), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v1i1.191

Helms, J. E. (1984). Toward a theoretical explanation of the effects of race on counseling a Black and White Model. The Counseling Psychologist, 12(4), 153-165. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000084124013

Helms, J. E. (1995). An update of Helm's White and people of color racial identity models. Versions were presented at the Psychology and Societal Transformation Conference, U Western Cape, South Africa, Jan 1994, and at a workshop entitled" Helm's Racial Identity Theory," Annual Multicultural Winter Roundtable, Teachers Coll–Columbia U, New York, Feb 1994. https://doi.org/10.1037/t47453-000  

Hew, W. W. (2017). Chinese ways of being Muslim: Negotiating ethnicity and religiosity in Indonesia. nias Press. https://doi.org/DiVA.org:norden-5893

Hutagalung, S. A. (2015). Being Muslim in a Christian Town: Variety, Practices and Renewal The Australia National University]. Canberra. Google Scholar

Imanuddin, I., Irawan, D., Ghazali, Z., & Marzuki, D. I. (2021). Islam di Perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia: Potret Dakwah di Sajingan Besar, Kalimantan Barat. Syams: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.23971/js.v2i1.3088

Jayos, S., & Jasmi, K. A. (2013). Perkhidmatan Bimbingan dan Kaunseling di Kalangan Klien Saudara Baru (Guidance and Counseling Services Among New Reverts Clients). Proceedings of the First Seminar on Islamic Education and Research (SePPIM'13), The Main Hall, Faculty of Islamic Cilization, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Google Scholar

Kamarubahrin, A. F., Ayedh, A. M. A., & Khairi, K. F. (2019). Accountability practices of waqf institution in selected states in Malaysia: A critical analysis. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting, 27(2), 331-352. https://journals.iium.edu.my/enmjournal/index.php/enmj/article/view/664/328

Kassim, S. B. M., Abdullah, M. S. Y., & Baba, Z. (2013). A survey of problems faced by converts to Islam in Malaysia. e-BANGI, 8(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.21315/km2022.40.1.4

Kawi, K., Tan, N. A. t. M. i., & Abdullah, T. A. P. (2020). Isu dan Cabaran Saudara Kita di Jabatan Agama Islam Sarawak [Issues and Challenges Mualaf in the Sarawak Islamic Religious Department]. BITARA International Journal of Civilizational Studies and Human Sciences (e-ISSN: 2600-9080), 3(2), 28-43. https://www.bitarajournal.com/index.php/bitarajournal/article/view/117

Khan, A. S. N., & Samuri, M. A. A. (2022). Unilateral Conversion of Minors to Islam: Legal Discourse and Muslim Converts'narrative on Custody and Religious Rights In Malaysia. Kajian Malaysia: Journal of Malaysian Studies, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.21315/km2022.40.1.4

Kim, J. (1981). Processes of Asian American identity development: A study of Japanese American women's perceptions of their struggle to achieve positive identities as Americans of Asian ancestry University of Massachusetts Amherst]. Amherst, USA. Google Scholar

Krstić, T. (2009). Illuminated by the Light of Islam and the Glory of the Ottoman Sultanate: Self-Narratives of Conversion to Islam in the Age of Confessionalization. Comparative studies in society and history, 51(1), 35-63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417509000036

Kushendar, K., & Fitri, H. U. (2018). The personal characteristics of an Islamic counselor in understanding identity crisis for adolescents. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 1(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v1i1.187

Mohamad, M. (2013). Melayu. Flipside Digital Content Company Inc.

Muhamat, R., Puteh, A., & Tan, N. A. t. M. i. (2013). Participation of muallaf in the mosque activities in enhancing Islamic tolerance. Al-Hikmah, 5, 100-115. https://spaj.ukm.my/jalhikmah/index.php/jalhikmah/article/view/36

Noh, Z. B. (2010). Peranan Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM) dalam Pembinaan Keagamaan Mualaf di Malaysia Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau]. Pekanbaru. Google Scholar

Rahman, N. N. H. A., Abdullah, A., Hamdan, M. N., & Ahmad, A. W. (2020). Hubungan Emosi Dan Akhlak Dalam Kekeluargaan Saudara Baru Selepas Memeluk Islam (Relation Between Emotions And Morality In Muallafs’ Family Relationship After The Conversion). UMRAN-International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies, 6(3-2). https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2020.6n3-2.421

Rambo, L. R. (1993). Understanding religious conversion. Yale University Press.

Rippy, A. E., & Newman, E. (2006). Perceived religious discrimination and its relationship to anxiety and paranoia among Muslim Americans. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 1(1), 5-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564900600654351

Sabilan, S., Ishak, M. F., Lip, S. M., Rashed, Z. N., Kusut, R., Sulaiman, S. H., & Mohni, S. N. i. (2015). Tahap Kesesuaian Matlamat dan Hasil Pembelajaran Kursus Praktikum (Latihan Mengajar) Kendalian Fakulti Pendidikan Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor (KUIS) Menurut Persepsi Guru-Guru Pelatih: Satu Tinjauan Awal. Tinta Artikulasi Membina Ummah, 1(1), 118-128. Google Scholar

Salim, S. (2018). Media roles in Islamic conversion: A study in Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei. Borneo Research Journal, 12, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.22452/brj.vol12no1.1

Shuaib, F. S. (2003). Powers and jurisdiction of syariah courts in Malaysia. Malayan Law Journal Sdn. Bhd. Google Scholar

Siti, N. A. M. N., & Ismail, Z. (2017). Amalan Mahkamah Syariah Mengisytiharkan Status Agama dalam Kes Permohonan Keluar Islam: Kajian Kes di Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah Negeri Sembilan. Kanun, 2017(Januari), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.22452/https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol23no1.3

Tan, N. A. t. M. i., & Fariza. (2009). Keperluan memahami psikologi saudara Muslim. Jurnal Hadhari: An International Journal, 2(1), 83-98.

Tan, N. A. t. M. i., & Pao, A. T. A. (2007). Non-Muslim perception of the Chinese Lunar New Ladies: A case study at Kajang Academic Project of National University of Malaysia National University of Malaysia]. Selangor.

Tan, N. A. t. M. i., & Pao, A. T. A. (2007). Non-Muslim perception of the Chinese Lunar New Ladies: A case study at Kajang, Selangor.

Vontress, C. E. (1971). Racial differences: Impediments to rapport. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 18(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0030758

Wahab, M. A. (2002). Sejarah Penubuhan Institusi Fatwa di Negeri Selangor. Jurnal Syariah, 10(2), 1-18. https://mjlis.um.edu.my/index.php/JS/article/download/22885/11408

Winchester, D. (2008). Embodying the faith: Religious practice and the making of a Muslim moral habitus. Social Forces, 86(4), 1753-1780. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.0.0038

Zainun, N., Saidan, S., Mohamad, Z., & Hasim, N. S. (2020). [Telekung Contemporary Skills in The New Millennium Malaysia] Keterampilan Telekung Kontemporari Alaf Baru Di Malaysia. Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 21(2), 153-169. https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2020.21.2.491

Zuhri, I. (2016). Upaya pelestarian perkawinan melalui kepenasihatan keluarga: Studi komparatif antara BP4 Kemenag Kab. Blitar dan Jais Malaysia Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim]. Malang. Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2022-11-17

How to Cite

Abdullah, R., Jayos, S., Yahya, F., Bandar, N. F. A., Yusoff, N. F. M., & Ifdil, I. (2022). Adaptation Strategies by Muslim Convert: A Study on “Saudara Kita” in Sarawak Malaysia. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 5(2), 185–204. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v5i2.2480