The Effect of Emotional Social Development on Physical Motor Development in Early Childhood

Social development is the development of behavior in children where children are asked to adapt to the rules that apply in the community. Emotional development will affect how children's attitudes and behavior towards the surrounding environment. so that the role of parents, peers, teachers and those around them is very important in supporting children's development, especially at an early age. This article used library reaserch method, from book, theory of pshycosocial and finding figure social emotional development. Finding of this discustions according to the literature review conducted, it was found that at an early age, which is around 4 to 6 years, is the most appropriate age to shape children's character by stimulating positive things to children and reducing the emergence of negative attitudes in children. Therefore, children at an early age need supervision, especially in bringing up the right stimulus to receive stimulation that is quite good, directed, and driven to the level of growth and development.


INTRODUCTION
Human life in the world is a gift from the Almighty, from all his gifts humans can feel the pleasures that they feel. One of them is intelligence, human intelligence is a combination of various general and specific abilities (Fuad, Muskinul., 2012). According to Howard Gardner, he argues that intelligence is the ability to solve various problems in life and can produce products or services that are useful in various aspects of life (Fuad, Muskinul., 2012). So we can say that intelligence will give a person the ability to solve the problems he is facing. Therefore, basically all children are born as intelligent individuals. This means that every child born has the potential to be intelligent (Dilmurod, R., Akmal, A., & Dostonjon, R. 2020). So they have a chance to become one of the human geniuses. They have their own ability to be able to solve problems along with the growth and development process they are going through. However, there are so many questions why every child has different intelligence, both intellectual and emotional intelligence. This makes many parents think that this is a failure of parents in educating their children. This is where the importance of supervision given by parents to their children. Parents must always pay attention to their children, including in training, developing, and growing intelligence in early childhood. This includes every action given by parents to their children that should increase their intelligence, but cause the child's development to be hampered. For example, when a child accidentally breaks an item, many parents tend to act more like angry. In fact, it can make children afraid. then when the child was scribbling on the walls of the house, the parents immediately scolded him. Though this can cause inhibition of children's creative intelligence.
According to Musringati (2017) that early childhood is referred to as a sensitive period (Critical Period), where the physical and psychological maturity of children is ready to respond to the stimulation provided by the environment (Pramandika, Reddy., 2020). So that at an early age children will be more active in doing many things as a form of their curiosity about everything in the surrounding environment. Early childhood is sometimes referred to as the golden age or Golden age. According to Reddy (2020) that in the golden age, children will have all the advantages and privileges in themselves that will not be repeated a second time. During the golden age there were changes to his physical and brain, but also at this time it was considered very fragile. So that at this time is always said to be a decisive period for the next life. Early childhood is a child whose age has not entered a formal educational institution such as elementary school (SD) and usually they stay at home or participate in activities in the form of various pre-school educational institutions, such as play groups, kindergartens, or parks. childcare. Early childhood is a child aged 0-8 years. While essentially early childhood (Augusta, 2012) is a unique individual who has a pattern of growth and development in the physical, cognitive, social emotional, creativity, language and communication aspects that are specifically in accordance with the stages that are being passed by the child. And various studies conclude that early childhood is children aged 0-8 years who are in the stage of growth and development, both physically and mentally.
Social development is the development of behavior in children where children are asked to adapt to the rules that apply in the community. In other words, social development is a child's learning process in adjusting to norms, morals and traditions in a group (Yusuf in Yahro, 2009). Piaget showed a high egocentric nature in children because children have not been able to understand the different perspectives of other people's thoughts (Suyanto, 2005). At this stage the child only cares about himself and has not been able to socialize well with others. Children do not understand that the environment has a different perspective from themselves (Suyanto, 2005). Children still do everything for themselves not for others. Therefore, this period is very important for the intellectual, emotional and social development of children. Educating children from an early age is a must for parents, they are educated to be good and intelligent individuals. So that makes children a pride for parents. But if children are not educated well then maybe one day they will become a threat to both parents. Education can be given from an early age.

METHODOLOGY
This type of research is a literature study, this literature study is a research that collects data and information from various materials contained in the literature (Muthar dan Erna Widodo, 2000). This research is focused on scientifically reviewing library literature that is relevant to the theme according to the research to be studied, then explained through a comparative literature study, and analyzed. The method of data collection in this study is to use the documentation method, which is to collect data and information from the literature such as books, research results, notes, transcripts, magazines, newspapers, articles, essays, internet, and so on related to developments children's social and emotional. This study uses descriptive analysis, that is, after the data is collected, it is classified according to the problem discussed, analyzed its contents (content analysis) and compared with one another, then interpreted and finally concluded (Suharsimi Arikunto, 2012). So in analyzing the data, the researcher uses analytical and descriptive analytical techniques, namely the data related to the theme being studied are collected and classified, then an interpretation or description of the data is carried out, then concluded by inductive and deductive methods.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Development is a pattern of movement or change that dynamically starts from conception or conception and continues throughout the human life cycle. According to (Nuraeni, 2020) that development is an effort to improve technical, theoretical, conceptual, and moral abilities according to needs through education and training. Development is a process of designing learning logically, and systematically in order to determine everything that will be carried out in the process of learning activities by taking into account the potential and competence of students.
According to (Reddy, 2020) that "Early childhood development is holistic, that is, it can develop optimally if the body is healthy, has sufficient nutrition and is educated properly and correctly". Aspects of development that will be experienced by children in the form of physical, motoric, social, religious, cognitive, attitude and emotional development. In FKPP in West Java (1977) Development is a process of multiple maturation related to the differential aspects of form or function, including social and emotional changes (FKPP in West Java, 1977).
The stages of development include the following sequence: prenatal period, infancy, early childhood, late childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and old age. The age of 4 to 6 years is a good time to stimulate children's physical development. In this period, early childhood is at the age of a period known as the sensitive period, which is when children receive stimuli that are quite good, directed, and driven to their level of growth and development (Sumantri, 2005). According to (Samsudin, 2008) the sensitive period is a period of maturation of physical and psychological functions that are ready to respond to stimulation provided by the environment. Thus, the sensitive period in children is a very important period for the growth and development of children through the provision of appropriate stimulation from parents, educators, caregivers and the environment in which the child lives.

Concept Psychomotor
According to Hidayat (2018) in the psychomotor realm, individual development occurs always in relation to physical movements that arise from the processing between cognition and affection which results in physical movement in the form of behavior. The monitoring provided aims to see the achievement of the child's psychomotor development. This can be used as a benchmark for meeting the needs of children themselves in facing education at the next level (Bloom, 1956;Rakhmat & Solehuddin, 2006;Sujiono, 2009;Nurihsan & Agustin, 2011in Hidayat, 2018. According to Dave in Nuraeni (2020) that the goals of the psychomotor domain are classified into five categories: 1. Impersonation Imitation can occur when the child observes. Then they began to respond in the form of movements similar to those previously observed. This imitation is generally global and imperfect.

Manipulation
Emphasizes the development of the ability to follow directions, performances, movement choices that define an appearance through practice.

Decree
Requires precision, proportion and greater certainty in appearance. Responses are more corrected and errors are limited to a minimum 4. Articulation Emphasizes the coordinates of a series of movements by establishing the proper sequence for the expected achievement or internal consistency between different movements.

Naturalization
According to the behavior that is displayed with the least amount of physical and psychological energy. Experience is the highest level of ability in the psychomotor domain.

Socio-emotional and Psychomotor Development of Early Childhood
In the psychomotor development of early childhood, PAUD teachers are required to carry out various innovations and creativity to support the growth and development of early childhood in the educational stage. This is because the role of the environment around early childhood greatly affects the process of child development. Therefore, many parents prefer to send their children to Early Childhood Education (PAUD). Loree (in Kamila, 2022) states that there are two types of universal psychomotor behavior that must be mastered by individuals in infancy or early childhood, namely: walking (walking) and holding objects (prehension).
In early childhood, the psychomotor development of children will be influenced by their physical and intellectual growth. But this also applies to their emotional development. We can see this from the behavior of children. Children at their early age are very easy to express their feelings (emotional). We can feel these emotions strongly and can be shown in various physical appearances, for example feeling happy then we can laugh loudly and loosely or if we feel scared we will scream. You shouldn't be surprised to hear a screaming and angry child in the supermarket for not getting the candy he wants, but you should be surprised when an adult does. For this reason, we must teach children from an early age to learn how to control their emotions.
According to Edi Hendri Mulyana, et al (2017) that the ability of early childhood to manage their own emotions can be seen from the child's ability to utilize their own emotions positively, the ability to regulate emotions according to their situation and condition, and the ability of the child's self-defense in various situations. form the position of the child's self-problem in a reasonable manner. So that one form of emotional social development felt by early childhood is seen in the form of joy or pleasure behavior, which is an emotion of joy or happiness.
Among babies, this emotion of joy comes from a healthy physique, odd situations, exciting games and so on. The reactions expressed by children when they are happy and excited are smiling or laughing, babbling, crawling, standing, walking and running. In line with that, Khaironi (2018) explains, social development is an increase in an individual's ability to interact with others. Meanwhile, he continued, emotional development is an individual's ability to manage and express his feelings in the form of action expressions that are shown through facial expressions and other activities (verbal or non-verbal) so that others can know and even understand the condition or situation he is experiencing. Therefore, social emotional development cannot be separated from each other because it is interconnected with interactions between individuals and individuals or individuals with society.
We all live in an environment, it is impossible for everyone to express all their feelings exactly, as they wish. The American Academy of Pediatrics (2012) states that social emotional development refers to a child's ability to: have knowledge in managing and fully express emotions both positive and negative emotions, able to establish relationships with other children and adults around them, and actively explore the environment through learning. These skills are the main factors in supporting success in the association. Goleman (2006) also states that one of the keys to social skills is how well or badly someone expresses their feelings. In the context of social emotions, emotions tend to drive a person's social activities. Social competence is determined by one's emotional competence. Someone with high emotional intelligence tends to be a socially competent person. Goleman (2006) states that the emotional maturity of a child is the key to success in establishing social relationships. Wasti Danardani, Soegiyanto KS, Hari Setijono, Sulaiman (2018) in a journal entitled "Artistic Pools Help Intelligence". Artistic swimming is a sport that has elements of swimming, gymnastics, ballet, and dance. There are two types of training; ground training and pool training. Training carried out on land to increase physical capacity. In addition, training is carried out in the pool to improve skills. The appearance presented is very complex, so that it involves more than one intelligence in artistic swimming performance. This study aims to see the form of intelligence contained in artistic swimming. The object of this research is national artistic, for eight months in Yogyakarta. The research method that has been carried out is the investigation of phenomenological records.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the analysis of literature studies that emotional social intelligence in early childhood greatly affects the psychomotor development of children. This is related to the attitudes and motor skills of children at an early age which is influenced by the surrounding environment. The surrounding environment has a major role in improving children's intelligence both intellectually, psychomotor and social emotional development of children. At PAUD schools, early childhood will learn to socialize with their peers to improve children's emotional intelligence which causes the child's psychomotor abilities to also increase. This is because children at an early age have the emotional intelligence needed in establishing relationships with other people. That includes the ability of children to understand their peers, motivate and influence those around them, and build trust and cooperation among others, all of which are forms of emotional intelligence. Emotional development can also be seen from every relationship between parents and children which certainly cannot be separated from emotional bonds that must be strengthened in order to build children's trust in their parents. Emotional intelligence is one of the spiritual intelligences that affects attitudes and actions because it is directly related to how to control oneself from an aggressive and reactive action. Therefore, emotional development will affect how children's attitudes and behavior towards the surrounding environment. so that the role of parents, peers, teachers and those around them is very important in supporting children's development, especially at an early age. According to the literature review conducted, it was found that at an early age, which is around 4 to 6 years, is the most appropriate age to shape children's character by stimulating positive things to children and reducing the emergence of negative attitudes in children. Therefore, children at an early age need supervision, especially in bringing up the right stimulus to receive stimulation that is quite good, directed, and driven to the level of growth and development. So with this the authors conclude that in the development of children at an early age, children are not directed to improve their intellectual intelligence, but they will be built to improve the balance between emotional social intelligence and children's psychomotor intelligence. So that on average, parents will prefer to send their children to school to assist in building children's social attitudes, which will indirectly affect children's emotional and psychomotor social intelligence.