Hakikat Tauhid dalam Al-Ikhlāṣ dan Koreksi Konsep Ketuhanan menurut Al-Simnānī dalam ‘Ayn al-Ḥayāt

Authors

  • Umayyatul Haritsah Maarif Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25217/qij.v2i1.6172

Keywords:

Tawḥīd, Sufism, al-Simnānī, Sufi exegesis, Qur’anic hermeneutics

Abstract

Surah Al-Ikhlāṣ serves as a core articulation of monotheistic doctrine in the Qur’an and holds profound spiritual significance within the Sufi tradition. This article explores the Sufi interpretation of Surah Al-Ikhlāṣ in ʿAyn al-Ḥayāt, a seminal work by the 13th-century mystic al-Simnānī. Employing a qualitative approach with textual-hermeneutical analysis, the study investigates the esoteric dimensions of aḥad and Ṣamad as theological concepts that transcend rational monotheism. Instead, they offer a metaphysical foundation for divine transcendence that guides the sālik (spiritual seeker) toward the realization of God. The findings reveal that aḥad is interpreted as the Absolute Divine Essence, beyond comprehension or analogy, while Ṣamad denotes God’s self-sufficiency, reflecting absolute perfection and the ontological dependence of all beings upon Him. These interpretations carry direct implications for spiritual practice, encouraging detachment from worldly ties as a path to pure tawḥīd consciousness. This study contributes to the development of Sufi Qur’anic hermeneutics and opens new perspectives for engaging Qur’anic spirituality in a more transformative and applicable manner within contemporary Islamic thought.

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Published

2025-07-29

How to Cite

Maarif, U. H. (2025). Hakikat Tauhid dalam Al-Ikhlāṣ dan Koreksi Konsep Ketuhanan menurut Al-Simnānī dalam ‘Ayn al-Ḥayāt. Qur’anic Interpretation Journal, 2(1), 56–77. https://doi.org/10.25217/qij.v2i1.6172