Manuskrip Al-Qur’an Wakaf Asal Aceh: Tinjauan Filologi

Abstract

This article investigates a Qur’anic manuscript with the catalog code A.646, housed in the National Library of Indonesia. The manuscript originates from Aceh and is analyzed using a philological approach. Despite the abundance of Qur’anic manuscripts in the archipelago, scholarly attention to their materiality and localized scriptural features especially those from Aceh remains limited. This study seeks to fill that gap by providing a detailed analysis of one such underexplored manuscript, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the region’s Islamic intellectual heritage. The research examines multiple physical and textual features: the manuscript’s structure, paper type, ink, illumination style, and script. It further explores orthographic elements such as rasm, qirāʾāt, diacritics, tajwīd notations, and waqf signs. To situate the manuscript within its broader context, the study also investigates its historical background, particularly the Islamic educational and scribal traditions in 19th-century Aceh. Although visually modest, the manuscript reveals distinctive orthographic elements notably its rare tajwīd and waqf symbol which are almost absent in modern printed Qur’ans. This is the core novelty of the study: the manuscript preserves rare codicological practices that reflect a unique Acehnese interpretation of Qur’anic pedagogy and devotional use. Moreover, the manuscript includes a wakaf note, indicating its communal function and role in devotional life. Despite a few scribal inconsistencies, the manuscript offers rich evidence of Islamic literacy and localized religious expression in the Malay world.