Evaluating the Effectiveness of Indonesia’s Anti Money Laundering Framework: A Normative Legal Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25217/jm.v10i2.6740Keywords:
Economic Crime, Law Enforcement, Money LaunderingAbstract
Money laundering continues to expose regulatory and institutional gaps within Indonesia’s financial surveillance architecture, particularly in the effectiveness of PPATK’s analytical functions and the coordination of enforcement agencies. This study therefore aims to examine the adequacy of Indonesia’s anti–money laundering (AML) framework, identify weaknesses in its preventive and enforcement mechanisms, and propose policy reforms. Using a normative juridical method, the research analyses statutory provisions, primarily Law No. 8 of 2010 together with secondary legal scholarship and tertiary reference materials. The analysis employs legal system theory and the concept of regulatory effectiveness to assess how far Indonesia’s AML regime aligns with national objectives and international standards. The findings demonstrate persistent shortcomings, including fragmented inter-agency cooperation, inconsistent implementation of KYC obligations, and increased exploitation of financial technology to bypass regulatory controls. Although mechanisms such as asset recovery and the reversal of the burden of proof strengthen enforcement, practical constraints limit their optimal use. The study concludes by recommending enhanced institutional synergy, the modernisation of digital tracing tools, and strengthened public and industry literacy on AML compliance as essential steps to improving Indonesia’s capacity to combat money laundering.
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