Echo Chambers on TikTok and the Construction of Ideal Partner Standards among Muslim Gen Z Women in Solo Raya: A Kafa’ah-Based Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25217/jm.v10i2.6770Keywords:
Echo Chamber, Ideal Partner, Kafa'ah, Gen Z Muslim Women, TikTokAbstract
The development of algorithm-driven social media, particularly TikTok, has fostered selective exposure patterns that contribute to the formation of echo chambers in information consumption. This phenomenon influences how individuals construct preferences and standards in various aspects of life, including partner selection. This study examines the role of TikTok echo chambers in shaping ideal partner standards among Generation Z Muslim women in Solo Raya City, using the concept of kafa'ah in fiqh munakahat as an analytical framework. The research employs a qualitative approach using netnography and questionnaires focused on TikTok content related to relationships and marriage. Empirical data were collected from 69 Muslim women from Generation Z residing in Solo Raya. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns of algorithmic exposure and the construction of ideal partner criteria. The findings indicate that TikTok’s algorithm reinforces specific partner preferences through repeated narratives that emphasize religiosity, economic stability, emotional maturity, and lifestyle compatibility. Continuous exposure to such content normalizes these criteria and embeds them in respondents’ perceptions as ideal standards for partner selection. As a result, the traditional understanding of kafa'ah experiences a shift and expansion, shaped by contemporary digital media dynamics rather than solely classical juridical considerations. This study concludes that echo chambers on TikTok play a significant role in shaping ideal partner standards among Gen Z Muslim women. Therefore, strengthening digital literacy and critical religious understanding is essential. Practically, these findings may inform the development of digital literacy policies and premarital education programs that are responsive to the challenges posed by algorithm-driven digital culture.
References
Abdul, R. G. (2003). Fiqh Munakahat. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Adolph, R. (2016). Konsep Kafa’ah Dalam Perkawinan Islam, (112), 1–23. Retrieved from https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/41227/2/1620310019_BAB-II_SAmpai_Bab-IV.pdf
Amir Syarifuddin. (2007). Hukum perkawinan Islam di Indonesia: Antara Fiqh Munakahat dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media.
APJII. (n.d.). Hasil Survei Internet APJII. Retrieved from https://survei.apjii.or.id/survei
Attar. (2025). Fenomena TikTok yang Mendominasi Platform Media Sosial di Tahun 2025. Retrieved May 13, 2025, from https://kreatifindo.co.id/tiktok-fenomena-platform-media-sosial-2025/
Az-Zuhaili, P. D. W. (2011). Fiqih Islam Wa Adillatuhu Jilid 9. (Darulfikir, Ed.). Gema Insani.
Bakshy, E., Messing, S., & Adamic, L. (2015). Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook Supporting Materials for Exposure to Ideologically Diverse News and Opinion on Facebook. Science.Aaa. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160
Barbera Pablo, Nagler Jonathan, T Jost John, T. J. (2015). Tweeting From Left to Right: Is Online Political Communication More Than an Echo Chamber? Psychological Science. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615594620?urlappend=%3Futm_source%3Dresearchgate.net%26utm_medium%3Darticle
Bucher, T. (2018). If...Then: Algorithmic Power and Politics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Campbell, H. A. (2015). Digital Religion: Understanding Religious Practice in New Media Worlds (Vol. 14).
Dijck, J. van. (2013). The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hidayatullah, R. (2024). Otoritas Keagamaan Digital : Pembentukan Otoritas Islam Baru di Ruang Digital. Ushuluna: Journal Ilmu Ushuluddin, 10(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.15408/ushuluna.v10i02.
Hjarvard, S. (2011). The Mediatisation of Religion: Theorising Religion, Media and Social Change. Culture and Religion, 12(2), 119–135. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233320783_The_Mediatisation_of_Religion_Theorising_Religion_Media_and_Social_Change
Hobbs, R. (2017). Create to Learn: Introduction to Digital Literacy. University of Rhode Island Media Education Lab. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/9781394260201.fmatter
Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. Retrieved June 11, 2025, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267922181_Netnography_Doing_Ethnographic_Research_Online
Muthiatur, R. (2024). Pahami Algoritma TikTok: Cara Kerja & Strateginya 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2025, from https://dibimbing.id/blog/detail/pahami-algoritma-tiktok-cara-kerja-strateginya-2024
Pariser, E. (2012). The Filter Bubble: What the Internet is Hiding from You, 8(2).
Pasaribu, F., Nasution, M. A., Anwar, Z., Harahap, A., Ali, S., Ahmad, H., & Padangsidimpuan, A. (2024). Urgensi Kafa ’ ah dalam Pernikahan ( Konsentrasi Pengamalan Agama ) di Kota Padangsidimpuan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(1), 5550–5558.
Quattrociocchi, W., & Starnini, M. (2020). Echo Chambers on Social Media: A comparative analysis, 09603, 1–15.
Sayyid Sabiq. (2008). Fikih Sunnah Sayyid Sabiq Jilid 3. Fikih Sunnah.
Sunstein, C. R. (2017). Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media. Princeton University Press.
Susilo, E. (2024). Analisis Kritis Kesetaraan Pernikahan dalam Hukum Islam Menuju Pernikahan Harmonis, 5(1), 16–31.
Suwana1, F., Pramiyanti2, A., Mayangsari3, I., Nuraeni4, R., & Yasinta Firdaus5. (2020). Penggunaan Media Digital Generasi Z Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 19, 327–340.
Virani, W., Gema, R., & Ardiansyah. (2021). Pengaruh algoritma, 17(1). Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Downloads/423-Research Results-8328-1-10-20210608.pdf
Yudowibowo, S. (2012). Tinjauan Hukum Perkawinan Di Indonesia Terhadap Konsep Kafa’ah Dalam Hukum Perkawinan Islam. Yustisia Jurnal Hukum, 1(2), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v1i2.10632
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ananda Maida Septiana, Umi Rohmah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
