Penal Mediation in Handling Domestic Violence Cases: An Indonesian and Bangladeshi Criminal Law Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25217/jm.v10i2.6890Keywords:
Criminal Mediation, Domestic Violence, Restorative JusticeAbstract
This study aims to analyze the application of penal mediation in handling domestic violence cases through a comparison between Indonesian and Bangladeshi criminal law. The focus is to assess the effectiveness of penal mediation as an instrument of restorative justice and to identify obstacles and opportunities for its strengthening. The method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach. Data was obtained through a literature study of relevant legal regulations, doctrines, and scientific literature to examine the legal basis and application of penal mediation in domestic violence cases in both countries. The novelty of this research lies in its cross-country comparative analysis between Indonesia and Bangladesh in the context of penal mediation in domestic violence cases. This approach enriches the perspective of restorative justice and provides concrete recommendations for the reform of the Indonesian legal system. The results of the study show that Indonesia does not yet have a strong legal basis because penal mediation is only regulated through a Circular Letter from the National Police Chief and a Regulation from the Attorney General's Office, while Bangladesh has established it in the Domestic Violence Act 2010 and the Village Courts system. Both countries face similar obstacles in the form of gender bias, power imbalances, and weak victim protection. The Conclusion Criminal mediation has the potential to be an effective mechanism for resolving domestic violence cases when implemented based on the principles of restorative justice. However, regulatory strengthening, capacity building for mediators, and post-mediation supervision are needed to ensure substantive justice and comprehensive protection for victims
References
Agung Fakhruzy. (2022). Penal Mediation in the Settlement of Criminal Acts of Domestic Violence Committed by Husbands Against Wives (A Study at the Pamekasan Police Station). As-Shahifah: Journal of Constitutional Law and Governance, 1 (2), 91–116. https://doi.org/10.19105/asshahifah.v1i2.5874 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19105/asshahifah.v1i2.5874
Agustina, N. Laras. (2023). Restorative Justice in Domestic Violence at the Prosecution Level. Journal of Legal Science. Ejournal.Uksw.Edu, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol8.no2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol8.no2
Anintya, L. P. (2023). Law on the Protection of Victims of Domestic Violence through Penal Mediation. Gema Keadilan, 10 (2), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2023.20354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2023.20354
Arief, H., & Ambarsari, N. (2021). The Application of Restorative Justice Principles in the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia. Al-Adl : Law Journal, 10 (2), 173. https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v10i2.1362 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v10i2.1362
Arrasyid, H. F., Asnawi, H. S., & Ismail, H. (2025). Javanese Philosophical Values of Sepikul Segendongan on the Dynamics of Inheritance Distribution from the Perspective of Hudud Theory (Case Study in Balekencono Village, Batanghari District). Journal of Law, Social and Religious Studies, 2
Arrasyid, H. F., Hidayat, E., Anam, K., Choirunnisa, S., & Wati, K. (2024). Socialization of Family Guidance in Kampung Sriwijaya Mataram as a Form of Anticipation of the Increasing Divorce Rate in Central Lampung Regency. ABDI MAKARTI, 3 (1), 54–64. http://jurnal.stieama.ac.id/index.php/abdimakarti/article/view/585 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52353/abdimakarti.v3i1.585
Asadullah, M., & Morrison, B. (2021). Exploring the growth and development of restorative justice in Bangladesh. The International Journal of Restorative Justice, 4 (2), 253–282. https://doi.org/10.5553/tijrj.000074 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5553/TIJRJ.000074
Ashady, S. (2020). Penal Policy Towards Victims of Domestic Violence. Jurnal Fundamental Justice, 1 (1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.30812/fundamental.v1i1.630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30812/fundamental.v1i1.630
Asnawi, H. S., Nawawi, M. A., Mahmudah, S., & Alamsyah, A. (2024). The Concept of Maşlaḥah Family in Lampung Customary Law: A Study of Mak Dijuk Siang and Its Relevance to Indonesian Marriage Law. Fikri: Journal of Religious, Social, and Cultural Studies,9(1),104–121. https://journal.iaimnumetrolampung.ac.id/index.php/jf/article/view/4710 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25217/jf.v9i1.4710
Bere, E. J., Leo, R. P., & Wilhelmus, B. V. (2023). The Application of Restorative Justice and Obstacles in the Settlement of Criminal Cases of Domestic Violence by Husbands. Business Law Journal, 12 (06), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.47709/jhb.v12i06.3176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47709/jhb.v12i06.3176
Budisetyowati, D. A., Sriwidodo, J., & Widijowati, R. D. (2023). Mediation of Criminal Cases as an Effort to Settle Criminal Actions Based on Local Wisdom in Indonesia. Journal of Law, Politics and Humanities, 3 (4), 377–391. https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v3i4.245 DOI: https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v3i4.245
Busroh, F. F. (2021). Normative Analysis of Restorative Justice in the Process of Resolving Domestic Violence. Tri Pantang Law Journal, 7 (1), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.51517/jhtp.v7i1.297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51517/jhtp.v7i1.297
Dadang Firdiyanto &, Y. U. S. (2016). Penal Mediation: An Alternative to Criminal Case Resolution. In Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mualawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan (first, April issue). LaksBang Justitia.
Fadah, N. I., Maki, H. L. P., Irawan, H., Oktora, N. D., & Arrasyid, H. F. (2025). Tajdid Nikah: Legal Analysis, Ulama Perspectives, and Maslahah Mursalah (A Case Study in East Lampung Regency). Journal of the Court: Studies in Legal Science and Islamic Law, 10 (1), 95–110. https://journal.iaimnumetrolampung.ac.id/index.php/jm/article/view/5855 95–110. https://journal.iaimnumetrolampung.ac.id/index.php/jm/article/view/5855
Februani, E. C. (2022). Implementation of Penal Mediation in Cases of Physical Domestic Violence at the Bungaraya Police Station. At-Tajdid: Journal of Islamic Studies, 2 (3), 108. https://doi.org/10.24014/at-tajdid.v2i3.18472 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24014/at-tajdid.v2i3.18472
Firdaus, M. N. E. (2024). Restorative Justice in Domestic Violence at the Prosecution Level. Journal of Law: Alethea, 7 (2), 79–96. https://doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol7.no2.p79-96 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol7.no2.p79-96
Ginting, A. G., Simatupang, V. U., & Batubara, S. A. (2019). Restorative Justice as a Mechanism for Resolving Criminal Acts of Domestic Violence. JOURNAL RECTUM: Legal Review of the Handling of Criminal Acts, 1 (2), 180. https://doi.org/10.46930/jurnalrectum.v1i2.225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46930/jurnalrectum.v1i2.225
Hartini, S. I., Jemaru, S., & Pabassing, Y. (2022). Penal Mediation in the Practice of Handling Domestic Neglect Cases. Jurnal Ius Publicum, 3 (1), 109–123. https://doi.org/10.55551/jip.v3i1.40 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55551/jip.v3i1.40
Khoirunisa, D. (2022). Penal Mediation in Criminal Justice in Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Das Sollen, 7 (1), 192–200. https://doi.org/10.32520/das-sollen.v7i1.2031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32520/das-sollen.v7i1.2031
Ludfi, L., Jumiati, J., & Hidayati, F. (2020). Criminal Mediation: An Alternative Resolution to Domestic Violence Cases. Islamic Law, 18 (1), 19. https://doi.org/10.24014/hi.v18i1.6168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24014/hi.v18i1.6168
Machmud, A., Muktar, M., Rohmah, N. A., & Burahkim, B. (2022). Review of the Effectiveness of Penal Mediation as an Alternative to Resolving Domestic Violence Cases. Aswaja Justice Journal, 1 (2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.52188/jja.v1i2.509 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52188/jja.v1i2.509
Maheen Sultan. (2024). ‘It’s a Family Matter’: Inaction and Denial of Domestic Violence. IDS Bulletin. https://bulletin.ids.ac.uk/index.php/idsbo/article/view/3243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19088/1968-2024.105
Mahfud, M. A. (2025). Grundnorm, Pure Theory of Law, and Monism in the Dynamics of International Law. Indonesian Journal of International Law, 22 (4). https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol22.4.1911 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol22.4.1911
Putra, A. G., Fitriati, F., & Kana, P. A. (2022). The Application of Penal Mediation in the Investigation of Domestic Violence Crimes (A Study at the West Sumatra Regional Police Criminal Investigation Unit). UNES Journal of Swara Justisia, 5 (4), 455. https://doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v5i4.234 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v5i4.234
Rabbani, A. (2021). Resolution of Domestic Violence Crimes from a Restorative Justice Perspective. Al-Adl: Law Journal, 12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v12i2.4322
Rusdiana, E., Hidayatulloh, Moh. R., & Muti'ah, D. (2024). Penal Mediation in the Settlement of Criminal Acts in Socah District, Bangkalan Regency. Rechtens Journal, 13 (2), 299 314. https://doi.org/10.56013/rechtens.v13i2.3488 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56013/rechtens.v13i2.3488
S, R., & Usman, U. (2023). The Restorative Justice Approach in the Settlement of Domestic Violence Crimes from a Legal Utility Perspective. PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law, 4 (2), 174–183. https://doi.org/10.22437/pampas.v4i2.27009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22437/pampas.v4i2.27009
Samsiar Arief, A. R. (2021). Implementation of Penal Mediation in the Settlement of Domestic Violence Cases (KDRT). Jurnal.Uit.Ac.Id, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.36090/jh.v6i1%20April.633
Santy, S. (2020). Resolution of Criminal Acts of Domestic Violence Through Penal Mediation in Relation to Restorative Justice (Case Study in Pekanbaru City). Rio Law Journal, 1 (1). https://doi.org/10.36355/rlj.v1i2.407 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36355/rlj.v1i2.407
Sihombing, D. C., Alvi Syahrin, Madiasa Ablisar, & Mahmud Mulyadi. (2023). Strengthening the Authority of Prosecutors as Dominus Litis as an Effort to Optimize Criminal Law Enforcement Oriented Towards Restorative Justice. Locus: Journal of Legal Science Concepts, 3 (2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.56128/jkih.v3i2.42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56128/jkih.v3i2.42
Sitorus, D. F., & Maysarah, A. (2023). Resolution of Domestic Violence Cases Through Restorative Justice at the Investigation Level. Warta Dharmawangsa, 17 (1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.46576/wdw.v17i1.2918 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46576/wdw.v17i1.2918
Wahyudhi, D., & Liyus, H. (2020). The Restorative Justice Approach in Resolving Domestic Violence Crimes. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 4 (2), 495–509. https://doi.org/10.22437/jssh.v4i2.10997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22437/jssh.v4i2.10997
Wardiman, H., Meriati Isnaini, A., & Rifai, A. (2023). The Effectiveness of Resolving Domestic Violence Cases Through Restorative Justice (A Study at the Central Lombok Police Station). Unizar Recht Journal (URJ), 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.36679/urj.v2i2.117 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36679/urj.v2i2.117
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Agus Dimas Saputra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Mahkamah : Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Hukum Islam.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
